The anatomy of the respiratory tract: its diameter and length the breathing angles of airway segments and The physicochemistry of aerosols: the particle size distribution their density, shape and surface area whether they are hygroscopic or hydrophobic In summary, there are numerous factors influencing particle deposition in the respiratory tract, including: Ultrafine particles undergo hygroscopic growth during inhalation 3. Additionally, the characteristics of the particles change once inhaled, due to differences in the temperature and humidity conditions between the respiratory tract and the inhaled air.
Another complexity is that the surface of the respiratory tract is lined with liquid, which increases the likelihood of particles remaining on the surface once deposited, rather than bouncing back. An added complexity is that the respiratory tract is not static: the tubes expand during exhalation and contract during inhalation.
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